제인 베넷 (1957년 7월 31일생)은 미국의 정치 이론가이자 철학자이다. 그녀는 존스 홉킨스 문리대학 정치학부의 앤드류 W. 멜런 인문학 교수이다. 그녀는 또한 2012년에서 2017년까지 학술 잡지 『폴리티컬 씨오리』를 편집했다.

• 출생 : 1957년 7월 31일 (66세) • 국적 : 미국 • 학력 : 시에나 칼리지, 매사추세츠 대학교 • 사조 : 현대철학 • 분야 : 서양철학 • 학파 : 대륙 철학, 사변적 실재론, 신유물론 • 소속 기관 : 존스 홉킨스 대학 • 주요 관심사 : 정치철학 • 주목할 만한 생각 : 생동하는 물질, 신유물론

학력

제인 베넷은 처음에는 환경학과 정치학을 전공했다. 그는 1979년에 뉴욕 루든 빌에 위치한 시에나 칼리지를 우수한 성적으로 졸업했다. 시에나 칼리지에서 베넷은 캐시 퍼거슨(Kathy Ferguson)을 만났다. 베넷은 그 뒤로 매사추세츠 대학교에서 정치학 박사 학위를 취득했다.

철학 연구

베넷의 연구는 인간과 ‘사물’의 관계에 대한 존재론적 개념을 고려하는데, 그녀는 이를 “생기적 유물론” 이라 부른다.

생기적 유물론의 물질로 간주되는 것은 무엇인가? 그것은 오로지 인간 노동의 산물인가? 그래서 인간이 원료를 사용해 만들어낸 사회경제적 실체(entity)인가? 그게 아니라면 물질성은 그보다 더 강력한 것인가? 정치이론은 어떻게 하면 비인간적인 힘(force)들이 모든 사건 및 안정화에 적극적으로 참여한다는 것을 더 잘 인식할 수 있는가? 일정한 ‘사물-권력'(thing-power)을, 즉 객체들이 그것들이 체현하는 인간적 의미나 아젠다로 환원될 수 없음을 인정할 수 있는 이론의 형태는 있는가?

가장 자주 인용되는 자신의 책 『생동하는 물질: 사물들의 정치생태학』에서 베넷은 다음과 같이 주장한다. “식품, 상품, 폭풍, 금속 등은 그것들 자신의 궤적, 잠재력, 경향을 지닌 준-행위주체들(quasi-agents)로서 행동한다.” 베넷은 또한 미국의 작가인 헨리 데이비드 소로와 월트 휘트먼에 대한 책을 발행하기도 했다.

그녀가 진행한 공개 강연으로는 연금술사이자 의사인 파라켈수스(1493-1541)와 월트 휘트먼의 시집 『풀잎』을 참고해 ‘공감'(sympathy)을 이론화한 강연인 “비인격적 공감”이 있다. 2015년 베넷은 닐 맥스웰(1926-2004)이 매년 유타 대학교에서 했던 정치이론 및 현대 정치학 강연 “월트 휘트먼과 부드러운 공감의 목소리”을 강연했다.

경력

• 2017 – 바우하우스 대학교, 문화기술연구 및 미디어철학 국제대학 연구원
• 호주 국립 대학교 가우처 칼리지 정치학과 객원 연구원
• 2007 – 노팅엄 대학교, 정치학과 객원 연구원
• 2010 – 런던 대학교, 버그 벡 인문학 연구소 연구원
• 2011- 옥스퍼드 대학교, 케블 칼리지 연구원
• 2017 – 바우하우스 대학교, 문화기술연구 및 미디어철학 국제대학 연구원

저서

책

• Bennett, Jane (1987). Unthinking Faith and Enlightenment: Nature and the State in a Post-Hegelian Era. New York: New York University Press.
• Bennett, Jane (2001). The Enchantment of Modern Life: Attachments, Crossings, and Ethics. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
• Bennett, Jane (2002). Thoreau’s Nature: Ethics, Politics, and the Wild (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
• Bennett, Jane (2010).Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
  • 서평: Princen, Thomas (March 2011). “Critical Dialogue – “Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things.” By Jane Bennett. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2010. 176p. $74.95 cloth, $21.95 paper”. Perspectives on Politics. 9 (1): 118–120.
  • Bennett’s response to five book reviews of Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things: Bennett, Jane (November 2011). “Author response”. Dialogues in Human Geography. 1 (3): 404–406.

• Bennett, Jane (2020). Influx and Efflux: Writing Up with Walt Whitman. Duke University Press.

편집서

• Bennett, Jane; Chaloupka, William (1993). In the Nature of Things: Language, Politics, and the Environment. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
• Bennett, Jane; Shapiro, Michael J. (2002). The Politics of Moralizing. New York: Routledge.

공저

• Bennett, Jane; Shapiro, Michael J. (2002), “Introduction”, in Bennett, Jane; Shapiro, Michael J. (eds.), The politics of moralizing, New York: Routledge, pp. 1–10
• Bennett, Jane (2002), “The Moraline Drift”, in Bennett, Jane; Shapiro, Michael J. (eds.), The Politics of Moralizing, New York: Routledge, pp. 11–26
• Bennett, Jane; Connolly, William E. (2002), “Mouths, bodies and the state”, in Honig, Bonnie; Mapel, David R. (eds.), Skepticism, Individuality, and Freedom: The Reluctant Liberalism of Richard Flathman, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 244–265
• Bennett, Jane (2004), “Approaches to Contemporary Political Theory”, in Kukathas, Chandran; Gaus, Gerald F. (eds.), Handbook of Political Theory, London Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE, pp. 46–56
• Bennett, Jane (2005), “In parliament with things”, in Tønder, Lars; Thomassen, Lasse (eds.), Radical Democracy: Politics between Abundance and Lack, Manchester New York: Manchester University Press
• Bennett, Jane (2006), “The Agency of Assemblages and the North American Blackout”, in de Vries, Hent; Sullivan, Lawrence E. (eds.), Political Theologies: Public Religions in a Post-Secular World, New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 602–616
• Bennett, Jane (2008), “Modernity and its Critics”, in Phillips, Anne; Bonnie, Honig; Dryzek, John S. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press
• Bennett, Jane (2009), “Thoreau’s Techniques of Self”, in Turner, Jack (ed.), A Political Companion to Henry David Thoreau, Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, pp. 294–325
• Bennett, Jane (2009), “Thing-Power and an Ecological Sublime”, in White, Luke; Pajaczkowska, Claire (eds.), The Sublime Now, Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars, pp. 24–35
• Bennett, Jane (2010), “A vitalist stopover on the way to a new materialism”, in Coole, Diana; Frost, Samantha (eds.), New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics, Durham North Carolina London: Duke University Press, pp. 47–69
• Bennett, Jane (2010), “Thing-Power”, in Whatmore, Sarah; Braun, Bruce (eds.), Political Matter: Technoscience, Democracy, and Public Life, Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press
• Bennett, Jane (2011), “Thing-Power”, in Seery, John (ed.), A Political Companion to Walt Whitman, Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, pp. 131–148
• Bennett, Jane (2012), “Thing-Power”, in Elkins, Jeremy; Norris, Andrew (eds.), Truth and Democracy, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 154–158
• Bennett, Jane (2012), “Powers of the Hoard: Further Notes on Material Agency”, in Cohen, Jeffrey (ed.), Animal, Vegetable, Mineral: Ethics and Objects, Washington, DC: Oliphaunt Books an imprint of Punctum Books, pp. 237–269
  • Abridged version printed (along with an ‘assignment’) as: Bennett, Jane (2013), “Powers of the hoard: further notes on material agency”, in Sutela, Jenna (ed.), Add metaphysics: essays and assignments, Aalto, Finland: Aalto University Digital Design Laboratory, pp. 52–67

• Bennett, Jane; Connolly, William (2012), “The Crumpled Handkerchief”, in Herzogenrath, Bernd (ed.), Time and History in Deleuze and Serres, New York: Continuum, pp. 153–172
• Bennett, Jane (2012), “Stones”, in Sæbjörnsson, Egill; Herzogenrath, Bernd (eds.), Stones According to Egill Sæbjörnsson, New York: Revolver Publishing / Continuum, pp. 27–36
• Bennett, Jane; Connolly, William (2013), “Earthling: Now and Forever?”, in Ellsworth, Elizabeth; Kruse, Jaime (eds.), Making the Geologic Now: Responses to Material Conditions of Contemporary Life, Brooklyn, New York: Punctum Books, pp. 244–246
• Bennett, Jane (2013), “From Nature to Matter”, in Archer, Crina; Ephraim, Laura; Maxwell, Lida (eds.), Second Nature: Rethinking the Natural Through Politics, New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 149–160
• Bennett, Jane (2014), “Of Material Sympathies, Paracelsus, and Whitman”, in Iovino, Serenella; Oppermann, Serpil (eds.), Material Ecocriticism, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 149–160
  • Revised and reprinted as Bennett, Jane (2015), “Of sympathies alchemical and poetic”, Rare Earth, Vienna: Tyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary, pp. 112–118

• Bennett, Jane (2014), “The shapes of Odradek and the edges of perception”, in Klingan, Katrin; Sepahvand, Ashkan; Rosol, Christoph; Scherer, Bernd M. (eds.), Grain/Vapor/Ray: Textures of the Anthropocene, Berlin: Haus der Kulturen der Welt
• Bennett, Jane (2014), “Systems and Things: A Reply to Graham Harman and Timothy Morton”, in Grusin, Richard (ed.), The Nonhuman Turn, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press – forthcoming.
• Bennett, Jane (2014), “Green Materialism”, in Kennedy, T. Frank; Keenan, James (eds.), Nature as a Force: Scientists, Social Scientists, and Ethicists in a Dialogue of Hope, Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press – forthcoming.
• Bennett, Jane (2017), “Vegetal Life and OntoSympathy”, in Keller, Catherine; Rubenstein, Mary-Jane (eds.), Entangled Worlds: Religion, Science, and New Materialisms, Fordham University Press, pp. 89–110
• Bennett, Jane (2017), “Vibrant matter”, in Braidotti, Rosi; Hlavajova, M. (eds.), Posthuman Glossary, Bloomsbury Publishers

논문

• Bennett, Jane (Spring 2000). “De Rerum Natura”. Strategies. 13 (1): 9–22.
  • Also occasionally referred to with the alternative title “The order of nature in Lucretius“, this article discusses De rerum natura (On the Nature of Things) by Lucretius.

• Bennett, Jane (Spring 2000). “Sometimes it’s okay to be weak: reply to Stephen White”. Theory & Event. 4 (2).
  • This article was a response to: White, Stephen K. (Spring 2000). “Affirmation and weak ontology in political theory: some rules and doubts”. Theory & Event. 4 (2).

• Bennett, Jane (Winter 2001). “Commodity fetishism and commodity enchantment”. Theory & Event. 5 (1).
• Bennett, Jane (June 2004). “The force of things: steps toward an ecology of matter”. Political Theory. 32 (3): 347–372.
• Bennett, Jane (Fall 2005). “The agency of assemblages and the North American blackout public culture”. Public Culture. 17 (3): 445–466.
• Bennett, Jane (May–June 2007). “Edible matter”. New Left Review. 2 (45).
• Bennett, Jane; Marrati, Paola (translator, French) (2008). “Matérialismes métalliques”. Rue Descartes 81. 59 (1).
• Bennett, Jane; Livingston, Alexander (December 2011). “Philosophy in the wild: listening to things in Baltimore”. Scapegoat: Architecture, Landscape, Political Economy: 02 Materialism (2). Scapegoat: 12–13. Available via the co-author Alexander Livingston on Academia.edu.
• Bennett, Jane (Spring 2012). “Systems and things: a response to Graham Harman and Timothy Morton”. New Literary History. 43 (2): 225–233.
  • This article was in response to: Harman, Graham (Spring 2012). “The well-wrought broken hammer: object-oriented literary criticism”. New Literary History. 43 (2): 183–203.
  • and: Morton, Timothy (Spring 2012). “An object-oriented defense of poetry”. New Literary History. 43 (2): 205–224.

• Bennett, Jane (Spring 2013). “The elements”. Postmedieval. 4 (1): 105–111.
• Bennett, Jane (2015). “Encounters with an art-thing” (PDF). Evental Aesthetics. 3 (3): 91–110.
• Bennett, Jane; Washick, Bonnie; Wingrove, Elizabeth; Ferguson, Kathy E. (February 2015). “Politics that matter: thinking about power and justice with the new materialists”. Contemporary Political Theory. 14 (1): 63–89.
• Bennett, Jane (September 2016). “Whitman’s sympathies”. Political Research Quarterly. 69 (3): 607–620.
• Bennett, Jane (December 2017). “Mimesis: Paradox or encounter”. MLN. 132 (5): 1186–1200.
• (Forthcoming) Bennett, Jane (2019). “Out for a walk”. Zeitschrift für Kultur und Medienforschung. 10: 93–105.

블로그 글

• Bennett, Jane (18 August 2010). “On the call from outside”. The Immanent Frame. Social Science Research Council.

인터뷰

• Khan, Gulshan (February 2009). “Agency, nature and emergent properties”. Contemporary Political Theory. 8 (1): 90–105.
  • Revised and reprinted as Khan, Gulshan (2012), “Vital materiality and non-human agency: an interview with Jane Bennett”, in Prokhovnik, Raia; Browning, Gary; Dimova-Cookson, Maria (eds.), Dialogues with contemporary political theorists, Houndsmill, Basingstoke, Hampshire New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 42–58

• Bennett, Jane; Loenhart, Klaus K. (2011), “Vibrant matter – zero landscape: interview with Jane Bennett”, in Bélanger, Pierre (ed.), GAM 07: Zero landscape: unfolding active agencies of landscape (Graz Architektur Magazin Graz Architecture Magazine) (German and English Edition), Wein New York: Fakultät für Architektur Technische Universität Graz, Also printed as: Bennett, Jane; Loenhart, Klaus K. (19 October 2011). “Vibrant matter – zero landscape: interview with Jane Bennett”. Eurozine.
• Watson, Janell (October 2013). “Eco-sensibilities: interview with Jane Bennett”. Minnesota Review. 81 (1): 147–158.
• (Forthcoming) “Interview with Jane Bennett”. LA+: Interdisciplinary Journal of Landscape Architecture (11 (Vitality)). Spring 2020.

이 글은 wikipedia(영문) 제인 베넷 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Bennett_(political_theorist) 항목을 우리말로 옮긴 것이다.